Shih Tzu Dog Breed: Size, Personality and More

The Shih Tzu is thought to have originated in Tibet and descended from Tibetan holy dogs known as foo. In traditional Chinese, the breed’s name, Shih-tzu Kou, translates to “Lion Dog.” It is most likely to have been a cross between two even older Sino-Tibetan breeds, the Pekingese and Lhasa Apso.

Shih Tzus lived as royal companions for hundreds of years, cherished and pampered by emperors and their families. It is said that emperors would present valuable gifts to the breeders of Shih Tzus who produced the most beautiful and affectionate dogs.

The breed remained largely unknown to the outside world until the 1930s, when Shih Tzus were introduced to England. In the 1940s, the Shih Tzu Club of England was established, leading to the breed’s official recognition. In the mid-1950s, Shih Tzus made their way to the United States, brought back by members of the U.S. military. The American Kennel Club officially recognized them as part of the Toy Group in 1969.

Shih Tzus are small, sturdy, loyal, and loving dogs that make excellent family pets. Their long, silky fur requires regular brushing and professional grooming to prevent matting.

The American Kennel Club (AKC) ranks this breed as the 20th most popular in the U.S. They are great with families, and adaptable to various living conditions, from apartments to larger homes, provided they receive enough attention and exercise.

As a small-sized breed, Shih Tzus require high-quality food appropriate to their age and weight and size. Get advice from your veterinary surgeon, and read more about what to feed your Shih Tzu in our best foods for Shih Tzus page, collated by our expert team.

General Characteristics: 

• Origin: Tibet
• Size: Small 
• Height: 9 to 10.5 inches
• Weight: 9 to 16 pounds
• Lifespan: 10 to 18 years

Appearance: 

• Coat: There are two distinct layers: a long, silky topcoat and a fleecy, feathery undercoat.
• Colors: The coat can be various colors, with white and gray highlights being the most common.
• Build: Small and sturdy.

Shih Tzu Temperament: 

• Affectionate: Known for their affectionate nature towards children, these dogs are often referred to as ‘lap dogs’ because of their love for cuddling and staying close to their owners.
• Playful: Some of the most playful dogs around, even into old age.
• Outgoing: Shih Tzus love being around people and other dogs providing they receive early socialization.

Training and Exercising: 

• Training: Shih Tzus are intelligent, eager to please, and love learning new tricks, which makes them very trainable dogs.
• Exercise: Two short walks with playtime in between are ideal for this small breed. They have relatively low exercise needs but still require mental stimulation and activity to stay healthy.

Grooming: 

• Shedding: Regular grooming is necessary to maintain a healthy coat and prevent matting.

Interesting Facts:  

• The Shih Tzu was the house pet for most of the Ming Dynasty.

• They are often called “the chrysanthemum-faced dog” because of the haphazard, round-face way their hair grows in front.

• The Shih Tzu was an ancient secret, ownership was severely restricted to Chinese royalty until the first half of the 20th century. 

• The Shih Tzu performs well in dog shows but has never won Best in Show.

• They were wiped out during the Communist Revolution and 14 dogs (seven male and seven female) saved the breed. 

Shih Tzu Price:

The average cost of a Shih Tzu in the U.S. varies depending on the dog’s pedigree, the breeder’s reputation, location, and whether the dog is intended for show, breeding, or as a pet. Here’s a general guide:

Show Quality or Breeding Quality Shih Tzu:

Price Range: $500 and $3,000

If buying a Shih Tzu puppy or specific breeds of Shih Tzu, the price will be towards the more expensive end of the spectrum.

Rescue or Adoption:

Adoption Fee: Around $100 and $500

A Shih Tzu adopted from a rescue organization or shelter generally costs less. This fee often includes initial veterinary care and spaying/neutering.